Composite pile



June 4, 1929. o, WEST 1,715,808

COMPOSITE lPILE:

Filed June 24, 1926 2 ShetS-Sheet l wwww? ,W y.

U A ST yOSGAE J. WEST, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS7 ASSIGNOR TO WESTERN FOUNDATION COM- PANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION F ILLINOIS.

ooaireosirn Pian.

Application led June 24 I Myjinvention relates to composite piles and choring device employed in the pile illusmore particularly to piles which are comosed, in each case, of a lower driven' section, of wood, for example, and an upper section made of concrete, having a sheathing of metal or other suitable material. i v

In forming apile of .this character, the lower section is driven into the ground, usually throughy a casing, in which is placed a metal sheathing subsequently filled with concrete, suitably reinforced, if desired, with reinforcing bars, after which the casing is removed froin the ground. The metal` sheathing may serve the purpose merely of arform to hold the concrete in place until it has set, and, in such case, rfor reasons of economy,the sheathing is preferably of comparatively thin metaL A ditliculty encountered in forming piles of this character, especially when the zopiles, as in foundation work, are close to- 'gether and in soft ground, 4is that the earth is likely to be upheaved to a certain extentby the driving in of the removable casing and the wood section; and this upheaval of the a5 ground tends to pull the upper concrete sections of the piles already formed away from their wood sections, which,.if it occurs, may weaken the load carrying capacity of the piles very considerably. @il The object of my invention is to provide novel means for eectually overcoming this defect in composite piles, the advantages of which in other respects are well recognized.

The invention is illustrated in certain preferred embodiments in the accompanying drawings, wherein Fig. 1 is'a fragmentary sectional view ofa .composite pile constructed in accordance with -iny invention, the removable metal casing 4o used in forming the pile being shown fas still in the ground.

Fi'gf2 is a longitudinal sectional view of ythe middleportion of the pile' of Fig. 1, but' shown on'a larger scale. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary sectional plan on lineB-B of Fig. 2,'the scalebeing still larger. llig.V 4 is a sectional view, 'similar to Fig. 2

i' illustrating .a modified construction.

f Figs. 5 and 6 are fragmentary views, one in longitudinal section and the other in elevationillustrating another form Iof the inven- I 7` is ya fragmentary sectional view of another embodiment ofthe' invention.

trated in Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 7 of another modification.

Fig. 10 is a view in elevation of one of the t0 anchoring devices used in the construction.

last mentioned Fig.J 11 is a fragmentary sectional view of another embodiment of the invention. v

Fig. 12 is a similar view of another form 655 Vof the invention.

Fig. 13 is a sectional plan on line 13--13 of Fig. 12.

Fig. 14 is a viewin perspective oftheanchoring device on the wood sectionof the pile shown in Figs. 12 and 13, and

Fig. 15 is a fragmentary sectional view of another modiiication.

Referring first to Figs.' 1 and 2, 25 designates a cylindrical casing which is driven into the ground, together with a core (not shown) in a manner familiar to those skilled in this The lower section of the pile is preferably wood and is designated 26 on the drawing.

This wood lsection is placed in the cas- 50 wood section.

In order to provide for an engagement of the sheathing 29 with the wood section to prer- `vent upheaval of the earth from lifting the concrete section of the pile from the wood section while the, concrete is in an unset condition, the sheathing has secured thereto one or :more strips of metal with turned-in ends adapted to engage the wire bound upper end of the wood section. I have shown two of suoli" strips 31- and 32,. eaclr consistin of a pair of vertical legs 3 3-3 connecte b a crossmember 34, the cross-members lying above the end ofthe wood section and being preferably riveted together, fas" indicated at 35. Each ofthe 'strips 31 and 32 is formed with an inwardly`and upwardlyextendin end 35 ada ted to bear against the upper en of thew09 sectionx and to engageone of the wires 28. These end prongs 36 are more '01" lil Fg.,8 iisy s. view in perspective ofthe iin- J less @exime-@11d the 111% 11151011 1S that they Hr should be formed so as be bent back when the sheathing is put in place upon the wood section. The strips 31, 32 are secured tothe sheathing v29 in any suitable manner. For example, they may be wired to the sheathing by wires 37as shown in Fig. 3. 1

When the' sheathing is in place and-engaged with the reduced end-of the wood'sec- Y tionHas just described, a concretematerial, preferably a sand grouting is tampednto the space between the sheathing and the upper end of the wood section. This grouting 38, even before it has set, helps to maintam the engagement of the anchoring strips preferably, with a cement and stone concrete,

31,32 with'the'wood section. Thespace'in the sheathing above the'grouting is lled,

.'sheathing42 and bending the Atonguesinwardly so that they will have a spring en-v gagement .with the reduced upper endv27 of 4the wood section when the sheathing is put' into place.

In Figs. 7 and 8,-an anchoring stri 43 secured to the sheathing 29 is forme by cutting and pressing with a plurality of lips or prongs 44, which hear against the reduced end 27 of the wood section.

In Figs. 9 andlO the sheathing 29 has secured thereto on the inside a plurality oi' angular clips 45, which are bent lon oblique l. lines 46 so that the bent' over ends 47 present corners or points 48 to engage the reduced end 27 of the wood sectie In' Fig. 11, the wood section 26 is provided with a transversely corrugated strip 49, the ends of which are nailed at 50 to the shoulders 30 of the wood section, which strip is engaged' by the corrugations of the sheathing 29. When thel space'between the reduced end of the wood section and the sheathing is filled with grouting, as indicated at 51, the engagement between the vsheath-` ing and wood section will be sufficient toprevent separation between the pile section through 'upward movement of the ground- It will be understood that-in all -of the forms of the invention herein shown, it is the intention to grout the space between metal Y sheathing and the-upper end of the 'wood I Ysecti'hn of the pile. .Y This material is closely packed around 'the' locking or engaging de-t vices and helps to maintain the engagement vbetween the metal sheathing andthe wood section. Y

In Figs. 12, 13 and 14 a positive interlock is provided between the sheathing and the wood-section. The upper reduced end 27 side, a number of vertically bars-'53. The horizontal flange 54 of the ring ofthe wood section hasv attachedthereto a ring 52, angular in cross section, and the sheathing 29 has secured thereto, on the in- 52 is cut away to form slots 55 corresponding in number ito the angle bars 53 and correspondingly spaced. The outstandin Webs 56 of the angle bars 53-pass-through t e slots when the sheathing 29 is putin place. The sheathing is'then turned on its longitudinal axis and the space-between the sheathing and 'the upper end ofthe wood section filled with a line grout, as indicated at 57.

In Fig. 15 I have shown a wood section 58 with its upper end of full diameter. The sheathing 59 'fits -down over the ends of the wood section, resting on blocks 60 nailed to the woodv section, a rope grommet 61 being larranged so as to prevent leakage of theconcrete betwen the sheathing and Wood section. The sheathing is formed with 'cut and pressed-in tongues 62 arranged. to bear against and bite into the wood section.

"I claim: 1. A composite pile comprising a lower section, an upper concrete section, a sheathing for the upper section, and means attached to said sheathing and engaging the lower section to .prevent upheaval ofthe earth vfrom separating the Aupper from the lower section. f I A A composite pile comprising a lower` driven .wood sect1on, an up er concrete section, a metal -sheathing for t e upper section, and means attached to said lsheathing and engaging the wood section'to prevent upheaval of the earth from separating the upper from'v the lower section.

3. A composite pile comprisinga'lower section, an upperJ concrete section,` a sheathing for the-*upper section, and engaging means on' the sheathing 1o ver section and which'permits the sheathin' l to be placed over the lower Section, but resists the separation of the sections in case for lgripping the arranged angle of upward movement of the surrounding earth.-

4.' A composite'pile com rising a lower vsection having an upper en of reduced diameter, an upper concrete section, a sheathing for the upper section and means attached l tothe sheathin and providing an-engagement between t e sheathing and the upper Y reduced end of the lower section.

5. A composite pile. comprisingv a lower section, an' upper concrete section, a sheathing for the upper section, and upwardly and inwardly inclined holdingdevices on the vsheathing to engage the lowen'secton.

6. A composite pile comprising 'a lower wood section having an upper end of reduced diameter an upper concrete section, a sheathing for the-upper section, and obliquelyarranged anchoring devices on the sheathing and extendin across the space between the` sheathing an the reduced end of the lower section. v

' 7. A composite pile comprising in combination a lower wood section having an upper en d of reduced diameter, 'an upper con# crete section comprising an annular body of concrete whlchv surrounds and encloses the upper end' of the wood section, a metal sheathing enclosing the lower end of theconcrete section, and coengaging 'means on said sheathing and the upper end of the wood section and embedded in the annular body of concrete for anchoring the sheathing to the 'wood section.

l.end of reduced diameter, an upper concrete section comprising an annular body of concrete whichsurrounds and incloses the upper end of the wood section, a metal sheath-l ing enclosing the lower end of the concrete section, and a metal strip secured to the inside of the sheathing with its end turned upwardly to engage the upper end of the` Wood section, the upper end of the wood section being wire bound for the purpose described;

10. A composite pile comprising in combination a lower wood section having an' upper end of reduced diameter, an upper concrete sectiony and a sheathing for lthe concrete section provided with inturned tongues embedded inthe concrete section and adapted to bear against the wood section.

11. A composite pile comprising in combiv nation a lower wood section having an upper end-of reduced diameter, an upper concrete section, a sheathing which surrounds' the upper section and engaging means between the sheathing and upper end ofthe wood section comprising a metal strip secured to the insideof the sheathing-and provided with an upwardly and inwardly extending tongue to I bear against the wood section. v

12. A composite pile comprising'in combination a lower woodsection having an upper end` of reduced diameter, anupper con crete section, a metal sheathing surrounding the upper section and a plurality of angle clips secured to the inside of the sheathing and :formed-so as 'to flex to permit their engagement with the wood section and so that their corners 'bite into the'upper end of the Wood section.'

13. In a composite pile, lthe combination with a lower wood section, an upper concrete 'section and a form for retaining the concrete of the @upper section when poured which extends over the upper end of the wood OSCAR'. J.

` sections.

section, of means for preventing the con- 

